What Is a Shareholder Activist?

A shareholder activist is a person who attempts to use their rights as a shareholder 🎃of a publicly-traded corporation to bring about change within or for the corporation.

Understanding a Shareholder Activist

Shareholder activism is a way that shareholders can influence a corporation's behavior by exercising their rights as partial owners. 澳洲幸运5开奖号码历史查询:Classes of shares allow for distinct voting privileges, in addition to dividend entitlements.

While minority shareholders don't run the day-to-day operations, several ways exist for them to influence a company’s 澳洲幸运5开奖号码历史查询:board of directors and executive management actions. These methods can range from dialogue with managers to formal proposals, which are voted on by all shareholders at a company's 澳洲幸运5开奖号码历史查询:annual meeting.

Shareholder activists also employ a variety of offensive tactics to force changes. For example, they might make strategic use of media channels in order to publicize their demands and prompt greater pressure from other shareꦍholders. They may also threaꦏten companies with lawsuits if they are not allowed to have their say.

Some of the issues addressed by shareholder activists are for social change, requiring 澳洲幸运5开奖号码历史查询:divestment from politically sensitive parts of the world, for example, greater support of workers' rights (sweatshops) and/or more accountability fಞor environmental degradation.

But the term can also refer to investors who believe that a company's management is doing a poor job. This class of activist investors often attempts to gain control of the company and replace management or force a major corporate change.

Use of Shareholder Activism

Over the years, shareholder activism has increased in total capital deployed as well as the number of campaigns mounted. According to the Harvard Law School Forum on Corporate Governance, 2018 was a record year for shareholder activists. Approximately $65 billion in capital was deployed throughout the year, with an increase in initiated campaigns to 250, and an increase in the number of investors from 110 in 2017 to 130 in 2018.

These figures represent a "modest" increase in figures from the previous year, another one for the record books. Shareholder activists are also reaching out across borders to conduct campaigns. The same report noted that 60% of campaigns were aimed at U.S. companies while 25% aimed at European companies and 10% targeted Asian Pacific companies.

Examples of Shareholder Activists

澳洲幸运5开奖号码历史查询:Carl Icahn is one of the financial industry’s most notable activist shareholders, along with hiꦺs work as a businessman, traditional investor, and philanthropist. In the 1980s, Mr. Icahn developed a strong reputation as a “corporate raider.”

This stemmed from his 澳洲幸运5开奖号码历史查询:hostile takeover of TWA airline in 1985, among other milestones. Along with Texaco and American Airlines, TWA was one of the nation’s largest airlines at the time. Mr. Icahn successfully took over the company, steering it away from the brink of 澳洲幸运5开奖号码历史查询:bankruptcy over a multi-year period.

Similarly, 澳洲幸运5开奖号码历史查询:Bill Ackman considers himself an activist investor (although some would deem him primarily a 澳洲幸运5开奖号码历史查询:contrarian investor). One of Ackman’s most high-profile positions was his 澳洲幸运5开奖号码历史查询:short position and issuance of an enormous public reꦍlations campaign against the company Herbalife in 2012.

In contrast with Mr. Icahn and Mr. Ackman, many 澳洲幸运5开奖号码历史查询:hedge funds have been recently pushing for change, related to their partners’澳洲幸运5开奖号码历史查询: environmental, social, and go⭕vernance (ESG) concerns. Trian Partners, Blue Harbour Group, Red Mountain Capital Partners, and ValueAct Capital are among the top funds that have prioritized ESG in v🃏arious forms.

Some of these funds are being pushed by their own investors, who seek to own firms that demonstrate a commitment to 澳洲幸运5开奖号码历史查询:corporate social responsibility. This reꦫsponsibility can take the form of environmental concerns such as𓆉 climate change or governance concerns, such as boardroom diversity.

For example, the NYC Pension Fund began a Boardroom Accountability Project about board diver𒊎sity that requires companies to disclose the race, gender, and skills of their directors.