What Is a Bond Fund?

A bond fund is a 澳洲幸运5开奖号码历史查询:mutual fund or an 澳洲幸运5开奖号码历史查询:exchange-traded fund (ETF) that buys and sells debt instruments like government📖 and corporate bonds. The primary goal of a bond fund is to generate monthly income for investors.

For an investor, a bond fund is an alternative to buying individual bonds. The investor in a bond fund is buying shares in a fund that buys and sells many bonds. Typically, a bond 澳洲幸运5开奖号码历史查询:fund manager ಌbuys and sells according to market conditions and rarely holds bonds until maturity.

Understanding Bond Funds

For many investors, a bond fund is a more efficient way of investing than buying individual bond securities. Unlike individual bond securities, bond funds do not have a 澳洲幸运5开奖号码历史查询:maturity date for the repayment of prin🥂cipal, so 🧸the principal amount invested may fluctuate from time to time.

Investors i♌n bond✅ funds receive monthly payments that reflect the mix of all the bonds in the fund, which means that the interest income payment will vary monthly.

Types of Bond Funds

Most bond funds are comprised of a certain type of bond, such as 澳洲幸运5开奖号码历史查询:corporate or 澳洲幸运5开奖号码历史查询:government bonds.

They also focus on a time to maturity, such as 澳洲幸运5开奖号码历史查询:short-term, intermediateඣ-term, and long-term.

Investors can choose bond funds that buy only the highest-quality and safest bonds, such as U.S. government bonds or the bonds of blue-chip companies. High-quality bonds pay lower interest than riskier🍃 🎃bonds.

Investors should note that U.S. government bonds are considered to be of the highest credit quality. Bond funds that specialize in U.S. Treasury securities, including 澳洲幸运5开奖🅠号码历史查询:Treasury inflation-protected securities (TIPS), are the safest but offer the lowest potential return.

Riskier Choices

Other funds invest in only riskier bonds—high-yield or 澳洲幸运5开奖号码历史查询:junk bonds. Bond f𝕴unds that invest in riskier bonds offer higher returns along with a higher risk of default by the bond i💧ssuer.

There are also bond funds that have a mix of the different types of bonds to create 澳洲幸运5开奖号码历史查询:multi-asset class options.

The types of funds available include US government bond funds, municipal bond funds, corporate bond funds, mortgage-backed securities (MBS) funds, high-yield bond funds, emerging market bond funds, and 澳洲幸运5开奖号码历史查询:global bond funds.

Bond Fund Benefits

Bond funds are an attractive option compared to buying individual bonds. They provid꧂e greater portfolio diversification than an individual investor could manage independently.

By investing in a bond fund, an investor only needs to pay the annual expense ratio that covers marketing, administrative, and professional management fees. The alternative is to purchase multiple bonds separately and deal with the 澳洲幸运5开奖号码历史查询:transaction costs associated with each.

Since a fund usually invests in many bonds of varying maturities, the impac🐠t of any single bond’s performance is lessened.

Another benefit of a bond mutual fund is that it provides access to professional portfolio managers with the expertise to research and analyze the 澳洲幸运5开奖号码历史查询:creditworthiness of bond issuers and market conditions before buying into or selling ♏out of the fund.

For example, a fund manager may replace bonds when the issuer's 澳洲幸运5开奖号码历史查询:credit is downgraded or when the issuer "calls," or pays off the bond, before its matur🦂ity date.

Special Considerations

Bond funds can be sold at any time for their current market 澳洲幸运5开奖号码历史查询:net asset value (NA💝V), which may result in a capital gain or loss. Iꦿndividual bonds can be harder to unload.

From a tax perspective, some investors in higher tax brackets may find that they have a higher 澳洲幸运5开奖号码历史查询:after-tax yield from a tax-free municipal bond fund investment rather than a taxable♚ bond fund investment.

Due to the inverse relations𓃲hip between interest rates and bond prices, a long-term bond carries greater 澳洲幸运5开奖号码历史查询:interest rate risk than a short-term bond. Therefore, the NAV of bond funds with longer-term maturities will ꦉbe impacted greatly by changes in interest rates. This, in turn, will affect how much interest income the fund can distribute to its participants monthly.

Bond ETFs

Bond ETFs have been around for less time than bond mutual funds, with iShares launching the first bond ETF fund in 2002. Most of these offerings seek to replicate various bond indices, although a♔ growing number of actively managed products are also available.

ETFs often have lower fees than their mutual fund counterparts. Like stocks, ETFs trade throughout the day. The prices for shares can fluctuate moment by moment and may vary quite a bit over the course of a day's trading.

Bond ETFs operate much like 澳洲幸运5开奖号码历史查询:closed-end funds, in that they are purchased through a brokerage account rather than directly f🌺rom a fu♎nd company.

When the investor wishes to sell, ETFs must be traded on the open market. The fund company will not purchase the shares, as is done foꦯr open-ended mutual funds.

Explain Like I'm Five

A bond fund is a mutual fund or ETF that invests in bonds instead of stocks. They can invest in Treasury bonds, municipal bonds, or corporate bonds. Some bond funds only in♌vest in the safest bonds, and some invest 🎀in junk bonds with higher returns.

Buying a bond fund allows you to get exposure to a large basket of bonds, without having to research the characteristics of each individual bond. Bonds are considered relatively safe, but they are sensitive to interest rate changes. The value of a bond fund can fall when interest rates go up.

The Bottom Line

Bond ETFs and bond mutual funds are an alternative to individual bond-picking for the investor interested in a steady st🔯ream of income.

Like bonds, bond funds are generally a choice for the conservative investor. As with any investment, a litt🔜le more risk has the potential for a relativꦫely larger return.